111 Mangbetu) was largely to make them easier to hold and to ensure that they did not slip out of the hands of those that carried them (Schweinfurth, 1875: 102). BIBLIOGRAPHY Célis, G. and E. Nzikobanyanka, 1984, “Les pots rituels en terre cuite du Burundi,” in Anthropos, vol. 79, pp. 523–536. Coart, E. and A. de Haulleville, 1907, “La céramique,” Annales du musée du Congo, vol. II, no. 1, Brussels. De Calonne-Beaufaict, A., 1912, Études bakango, imprimeuréditeur Mathieu Thone, Liège. Halkin J., 1911, “Les Ababua,” Collection de Monographies ethnographiques, vol. VII, Albert de Wit libraire-éditeur, Brussels. Houzeau de Lehaie, J., 1934, En A.O.F., archives ethnographiques du MRAC, livre gris. Huffman, T., 1992, “Burton and the Ceramic Prehistory of the Upemba Basin.” In The Collection of W. F. P. Burton, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, pp. 69–74. Hutereau, A., 1922, “Histoire des peuplades de l’Uele et de l’Ubangi,” Bibliothèque-Congo, no. 1, imprimerie Goemaere, Brussels. Nooter Roberts, M., 1995, “Poterie anthropomorphe.” In Trésors d’Afrique, éditions du MRAC, Tervuren, pp. 366–367. Pinçon, B. and D. Ngoïe-Ngalla, 1990, “L’unité culturelle Kongo à la fin du XIXe siècle. L’apport des études céramologiques.” In Cahiers d’études africaines, vol. 30, no. 118, pp. 157–177. Schweinfurth, G., 1875, Au coeur de l’Afrique, librairie Hachette et Cie, Paris. 10 23 13 24 17 15 16 25 12 3 6 7 5 11 27 22 26 1 18 20 31 19 21 8 9 28 30 14 29 4 2 Fig. 39 (left): Type of basket used for the transportation of ceramics for the market. Zimba, Kasongo region, DR Congo. Photograph by E. Gourdinne,1919. MRAC archives, inv. AP.0.1.6655. Ah, these indigenous ceramics, how I regret not having bought more. … They are one of the keys to the study of African civilization, perhaps even the most important one, and I have almost none. (Houzeau de Lehaie 1934: 347) Fig. 40 (behind): Young girl carrying a water pot. Rwanda. Photograph by R. de Wilde in Estmael, 1950s. MRAC archives, inv. EP.0.0.12671. By virtue of its age and the richness of the material it offers for study, ceramics is one of the most important primitive industries from the standpoint of anthropology. (Coart and de Haulleville 1907: 1) Populations Ababua — 28 Ababua de l’Uele — 31 Angba — 30 Aushi — 12 Bangba — 15 Barambo — 19 Bali — 29 Bari — 16 Buma — 5 Bwende — 6 Fuliru — 22 Hungana — 11 Kango — 21 Kanyok — 2 Kete — 23 Lendu — 26 Luba centraux — 24 Madi — 18 Makere — 4 Mamvu — 1 Mangbele — 17 Mfunuka — 7 Mongelima — 14 Ngbaka — 8 Ngbandi — 9 Shila — 25 Songye occidentaux — 10 Tshokwe — 13 Woyo — 3 Zande — 20 Zimba — 27 Fig. 41 (below): Maps showing the locations of the cultures mentioned in this article. © Tribal Art magazine. The Taste of the Earth
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